Website development is a broad term for the work involved in developing a web site for the World Wide Web or a private network. This can include web design, web content development, client liaison, client-side/server-side scripting, web server and network security configuration, and e-commerce development. However, among web professionals, “website development” usually refers to the main non-design aspects of building web sites: writing markup and coding. Website development can range from developing the simplest static single page of plain text to the most complex web-based internet applications, electronic businesses, or social network services.

People who develop websites are called web developers. For larger organizations and businesses, web development teams can consist of hundreds of people. Web development may be a collaborative effort between departments rather than the domain of a designated department.

Web Development can be split into many areas and a typical and basic web development hierarchy might consist of:

Client Side Coding

1. Flash Adobe Flash Player is a ubiquitous browser plug-in ready for RIAs. Flex 2 is also deployed to the Flash Player.
2. JavaScript is a ubiquitous client side platform for creating and delivering rich Web applications that can also run across a wide variety of devices.
3. JQuery Cross-browser JavaScript library designed to simplify and speed up the client-side scripting of HTML.
4. Microsoft Silverlight Microsoft’s browser plug-in that enables animation, vector graphics and high-definition video playback, programmed using XAML and .NET programming languages.
5. HTML5 and CSS3 Latest HTML proposed standard combined with the latest proposed standard for CSS natively supports much of the client-side functionality provided by other frameworks such as Flash.

Server Side Coding

• ASP (Microsoft proprietary)
• CSP, Server-Side ANSI C
• ColdFusion
• CGI
• Groovy (programming language) Grails (framework)
• Java, e.g. Java EE or WebObjects
• Lotus Domino
• Perl, e.g. Catalyst, Dancer (all open sources)
• PHP (open source)
• Python, e.g. Django (web framework) (open source)
• Real Studio Web Edition
• Ruby, e.g. Ruby on Rails (open source)
• Smalltalk e.g. Seaside, AIDA/Web
• SSJS Server-Side JavaScript, e.g. Aptana Jaxer, Mozilla Rhino
• WebDNA (WSC proprietary)
• Websphere (IBM proprietary)
• .NET and .NET MVC Frameworks (Microsoft proprietary)

Web engineering is multidisciplinary and encompasses contributions from diverse areas: systems analysis and design, software engineering, hypermedia/hypertext engineering, requirements engineering, human-computer interaction, user interface, information engineering, etc. Web engineering is neither a clone, nor a subset of software engineering, although both involve programming and software development. While web engineering uses software engineering principles, web development encompasses new approaches, methodologies, tools, techniques, and guidelines to meet the unique requirements for web-based applications.
Client Side + Server Side

• Google Web Toolkit provides tools to create and maintain complex JavaScript front-end applications in Java.
• Opa is a high-level language in which both the client and the server parts are implemented. The compiler then decides which parts run on the client and which parts run on the server. The developer can tune those decisions with simple directives.
• Tersus is a platform for the development of rich web applications by visually defining user interface, client side behavior and server side processing.
• However languages like Ruby and Python are often paired with database servers other than MySQL. For instance some developers prefer a LAPR (Linux/Apache/PostgreSQL/Ruby on Rails) setup for development.

Website development takes into account many security considerations, such as data entry error checking through forms, filtering output, and encryption. Malicious practices such as SQL injection can be executed by users with ill intent yet with only primitive knowledge of web development as a whole. Scripts can be exploited to grant unauthorized access to malicious users trying to collect information such as email addresses, passwords and protected content like credit card numbers.

Web design is a broad term covering many different skills and disciplines that are used in the production and maintenance of websites. The different areas of web design include; web graphic design, interface design, authoring; including standardized code and proprietary software, user experience design and search engine optimization. The term web design is normally used to describe the design process relating to the front-end design of a website including writing mark up, but this is a grey area as this is also covered by web development. Web designers are expected to have an awareness of usability and if their role involves creating mark up then they are also expected to be up to date with web accessibility guidelines.

Web designers use a variety of different tools depending on what part of the production process they are involved in. These tools are updated over time by newer standards and software but the principles behind them remain the same. Web graphic designers use vector and raster graphics packages for creating web formatted imagery or design prototypes. Technologies used for creating websites include standardized mark up which could be hand coded or generated by WYSIWYG editing software. There is also proprietary software based on plug-ins that bypasses the client’s browsers version, these are often WYSIWYG but with the option of using the software’s scripting language. Search engine optimization tools may be used to check search engine ranking and suggest improvements.

Web pages should be well laid out to improve navigation for the user. Also for navigation purposes, the sites page layout should also remain consistent on different pages. When constructing sites, it’s important to consider page width as this is vital for aligning objects and in layout design. The most popular websites generally have a width close to 1024 pixels. Most pages are also centre aligned, to make objects look more aesthetically pleasing on larger screens.

When creating a site it is good practice to conform to standards. This includes errors in code, better layout for code as well as making sure your IDs and classes are identified properly. This is usually done via a description specifying what the element is doing. Not conforming to standards may not make a website unusable or error prone, standards can relate to the correct layout of pages for readability as well making sure coded elements are closed appropriately.

There are two primary jobs involved in creating a website: the web design and web developer, who often work closely together on a website. The web designers are responsible for the visual aspect, which includes the layout, coloring and typography of a web page. A web designer will also have a working knowledge of using a variety of languages such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP and Flash to create a site, although the extent of their knowledge will differ from one web designer to another. Particularly in smaller organizations one person will need the necessary skills for designing and programming the full web page, whilst larger organizations may have a web designer responsible for the visual aspect alone.

Web server can refer to either the hardware (the computer) or the software (the computer application) that helps to deliver web content that can be accessed through the Internet.

The most common use of web servers is to host websites, but there are other uses such as gaming, data storage or running enterprise applications.

The primary function of a web server is to deliver web pages on the request to clients using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). This means delivery of HTML documents and any additional content that may be included by a document, such as images, style sheets and scripts.

A user agent, commonly a web browser or web crawler, initiates communication by making a request for a specific resource using HTTP and the server responds with the content of that resource or an error message if it is unable to do so. The resource is typically a real file on the server’s secondary memory.

While the primary function is to serve content, a full implementation of HTTP also includes ways of receiving content from clients. This feature is used for submitting web forms, including uploading of files.

Many generic web servers also support server-side scripting using Active Server Pages (ASP), PHP, or other scripting languages. This means that the behavior of the web server can be scripted in separate files, while the actual server software remains unchanged. Usually, this function is used to create HTML documents dynamically as opposed to returning static documents. The former is primarily used for retrieving and/or modifying information from databases. The latter is typically much faster and more easily cached.

Apart from serving the World Wide Web, They can also found embedded in devices such as printers, routers, webcams and serving only a local network. The web server may then be used as a part of a system for monitoring and/or administering the device in question. This usually means that no additional software has to be installed on the client computer; since only a web browser is required (which now is included with most operating systems).
Web servers are able to map the path component of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) into:

• A local file system resource (for static requests)
• An internal or external program name (for dynamic requests)

For a static request the URL path specified by the client is relative to the web server’s root directory.

The web server then reads the file, if it exists and sends a response to the client’s Web browser. The response will describe the content of the file and contain the file itself or an error message will return saying that the file does not exist or is unavailable.

Web server has 2 modes Kernel mode and User mode i.e. A web server can be either implemented into the OS kernel, or in user space.

Features of web servers

• Virtual hosting to serve many Web sites using one IP address
• Large file support to be able to serve files whose size is greater than 2 GB on 32 bit OS
• Bandwidth throttling to limit the speed of responses in order to not saturate the network and to be able to serve more clients
• Server-side scripting to generate dynamic Web pages, still keeping web server and website implementations separate from each other

In computer networks, uploading can refer to the sending of data from a local system to a remote system such as a server or another client with the intent that the remote system should store a copy of the data being transferred, or the initiation of such a process. The words first came into popular usage among computer users with the increased popularity of bulletin board systems (BBS), facilitated by the widespread distribution and implementation of dial-up internet access in the 1970s.

Downloading is the inverse operation of uploading which means to receive data to a local system from a remote system, or to initiate such a data transfer. Examples of a remote system from which a download might be performed include a web server, FTP server, email server, or other similar systems.

A download can mean either any file that is offered for downloading or that has been downloaded, or the process of receiving such a file.

The use of the terms uploading and downloading often imply that the data sent or received is to be stored permanently, or at least stored more than temporarily. Downloading would imply that the data is only usable when it has been received in its entirety. Increasingly, websites that offer streaming media or media displayed in-browser, such as YouTube, and which place restrictions on the ability of users to save these materials to their computers after they have been received, say that downloading is not permitted. In this context, download implies specifically “receive and save” instead of simply “receive”. However, it is also important to note that downloading is not the same as “transferring” (i.e., sending/receiving data between two storage devices would be a transferral of data, but receiving data from the Internet would be considered a download of data).

When applied to local transfers (sending data from one local system to another local system), it is often difficult to decide if it is an upload or download, as both source and destination are in the local control of the user. Technically, if the user uses the receiving device to initiate the transfer, then it would be a download and if they used the sending device to initiate, it would be an upload. However, as most non-technical users tend to use the term download to refer to any data transfer, the term sideload is sometimes being used to cover all local-to-local transfers to end this confusion.

When there is a transfer of data from a remote system to another remote system, the process is called “remote uploading“. This is used by some online file hosting services.

Uploading is also used in situations where the computers that need to share data are located on a distant high-speed LAN, and the remote control is being performed using a comparatively slow dial-up modem connection.

None of the hosts are located on the user’s local network.

Without remote uploading functionality, the user would be required to download the file first to their local host and then upload it to the remote file hosting server.

Where the connection to the remote computers is via a dial-up connection, the transfer time required to download locally and then upload again could increase from seconds to hours or days.

Almost any hosting deal normally includes some sort of email solution. However, with email hosting you will get functions, an all supporting service and features you didn’t even know existed. Get anti-virus and anti-spam protection. Get email hosting that supports POP3, IMAP, SMTP. Find the best web mail interfaces with easy and quick access to all your domain email account.

For many businesses setting up a website and looking for proper web hosting, a good email solution is very important since much of today’s customer communication goes through email. But even as a private website owner, having a user-friendly email-account attached to your domain and accessible through you hosting account can be very useful. That is, if you choose email hosting. No more hassle with slow webmail platforms or complicated account preferences. A web host dedicated in providing the best email services will not allow any customer aggravation. Offering great webmail solutions, unlimited email accounts and supporting POP3 and IMAP, what you could ever want and need email-wise the email host will provide.

An email hosting service offers premium email, as opposed to those webmail offerings supported by ads. Small businesses can make excellent use of the services provided by an email hosting provider:

• Custom email configurations
• Large number of email accounts
• Email authentication for variations and subsets within the domain name
• Identification and channeling of incoming email based on custom email name conventions

The most important duty a provider of an email hosting service does provide is the management and operation of the email servers that provide the email services to you. You no longer have to worry about server hardware, OS service packs or software upgrades. What you get is standard POP3, IMAP or SMTP email based on open source email server applications that work with standard email clients, including Outlook and any other POP3, IMAP or SMTP email client. Anti-virus protection and spam filtering are standard features on the server side.

If you are subscribing for a email hosting then these are features you should look for:
Scalability, performance and reliability are all integral components of these email systems at a cost much less than running the same system in-house. Standard features to look for in a provider’s offering of an email hosting solution are:

• Email forwarding
• Custom vacation messaging
• Unlimited number of attachments
• Unlimited attachment size
• Global access via Internet
• Shared calendaring
• Shared contact list
• Administration of group and user lists
• Accessible company directory
• Purge or recall within spam folder

24×7 support should be a given for any provider, though they may choose to implement such support not only by phone, but also via email and online. Support should also be available for migration from other email platforms.

Various companies which provide email hosting are iPage, InMotion, FatCow etc.

The internet offers endless ways to make some extra cash.

The internet is not only useful for saving money by web hosting; it’s great for earning some extra cash too. Example:

1. If you can take a good photo then you should Sign up to a stock photography website and you could get paid for your pictures.
Stock photography websites are used to source photos in the media by other websites, blogs, articles and advertisers. Lots of sites accept good amateur photographs in addition to professional shots, and pay on a per-download or a per-sale basis.

2. If you’re good in that case you can use Etsy, Folksy or Coriandr. It’s like an online craft fair where you can sell anything handmade example jewellery, art, ceramics, knitting, furniture and many more things. You can also sell vintage items, which need to be more than 20 years old, and have ‘vintage appeal’.

3. If you shop online then you can use a cashback website to make some extra cash if you already buy goods and services online. Cashback websites like Quidco, GiveOrTake and GreasyPalm are essentially advertising sites that link through to hundreds of popular retailers. When you click through to a retailer’s website to purchase something, it pays the cashback site a lead fee for generating your business.

You’ll get a portion of this fee, so you’re effectively being paid to shop. The amount of cashback you can earn depends on how much you spend, and it varies between each site and retailer. Read the small print before you sign up as each sites works a little differently.

4. If you are good at writing then u can probably earn money through blogging where you can share your views on life or a particular topic. Writing a blog in itself doesn’t pay – you’ll need to introduce advertising in order to earn money. Google’s AdSense is one of the most popular programs. It allows you to run relevant ads alongside your blog, which will generate revenue on a per-click or per-impression basis, the more traffic your blog gets, the more money you’ll make.

5. If you’ve got junk then you can sell it out online with the help of various websites. The biggest example of this is eBay. It is nothing new but it really is a handy way to turn your clutter and junk into a money-spinner without the hassle of organizing a car boot sale or going to an auction.

Even if you think no one will be interested in your ancient, bulky TV or that slow cooker you’ve never got around to using, try it out – you’d be surprised what people want.

These are few ways of making money online. And these are few sites which would help you make easy money.

Website builders are tools that allow the construction of websites without manual code editing. They fall into two categories: on-line proprietary tools provided by web hosting companies, typically intended for users to build their private site; and software which runs on a computer, creating pages off-line and which can then publish these pages on any host.

On-line website builders typically require customers to sign up with the web hosting company. Some companies provide examples of what a fully functional website made with their website builder looks like. The range of services varies anywhere between creating basic personal web pages or social network content (Widgets) to making complete business/e-commerce websites, either template based or – on the more flexible platforms – totally design free.

The main advantage of an online website builder is that it is quick and easy to use, and does not require any experience. Often a website can be built and be up and running live on the Internet quickly. Technical support is usually provided, as are how to video and help files. This makes online website builders ideal for the beginner.

Sites are generally created using either HTML or Adobe Flash. HTML is a standard format supported by all browsers. Flash has a growing popularity, mainly since it has overcome some limitations such as not being seen by web crawlers such as Google and Yahoo, and thus being indexed. Flash is more resource intensive than HTML. HTML tools are divided into those that allow editing of the source code and those who only have a WYSIWYG mode.

Examples of online website builders are

1. BaseKit : BaseKit is an Internet-based website design service, allowing W3C code compliant websites to be built using a Photoshop file as a design template, overlaid with various ‘widgets’ to perform various popular functions such as inserting text, RSS feeds, Twitter feeds and videos. The intention of the software is to allow a web designer to create a visually engaging and functional website without a detailed knowledge of CSS or other code languages.
2. uCoz : uCoz is a free web hosting with built-in content management system. The modules of uCoz CMS can be used together to build a fully featured website, or separately, e.g. as an online shopping platform, blog, webforum etc.
3. Wix : This tool is the right choice for those developers who want their websites to be looked and functions the way they want. It is a free online that allows you to build your own Flash website. The interesting factor is that no any design or programming experience is needed to use it. This drag-and-drop Wix editor allows you to create any kind of content like backgrounds, blogs, widgets and even entire websites and the content created by WIX can be embeded into any social networks easily.
4. Weebly : This has to be one of the best places to get yourself either a free website or blog and whatever your need for a website is, Weebly will allow you to create it. There are now more than 6 million people that use Weebly for either personal or business use and the results are great. Hosting is included and it uses a powerful drag and drop interface.

Other then these there are many more online website builders.

A website, also written as Web site, web site, or simply site, is a set of related web pages containing content such as text, images, video, audio, etc. A website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform Resource Locator. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web.

A Readymade website is a website which are made by someone else and sold to someone else who uses them. These websites are provided on internet for free or by paying some premium.

Readymade websites are provided on affordable rates that are by paying premiums. These websites can be customized and one can choose design to suit their needs. Some websites don’t sell just templates but deliver customized website at a price of a template.

One can choose from a variety of simple website layouts to fit their and theirs organization’s needs. Then one can adjust the layout to include one’s imagery and upload their new website to the internet. Then one can add functionality so that one can make text edits quickly and easily to their website whenever one want. All this at a price that you can afford.

Features of a readymade website are:

1. A simple, affordable website.
2. Provides a professional designer to build your website to completion and guide you through the process.
3. Text that is easy to edit, update and manage yourself directly on your website.

A premium source low cost Readymade Website Templates may include flash templates, flash intros, logo templates, osCommerce templates, website templates, design, HTML web templates, corporate identities and php-nuke themes.

Readymade websites offer — Document Transcript

There’s a lot you can do with ready-made website templates and it can be completely changed to give a unique special design to your website. Here are the things you should look at doing when you purchase a template.

• Add Your Logo
• Change The Pictures
• Customize the Colors of the Template
• Customize the Navigation Links
• Add a unique homepage
• Add Scripts or Design Elements

Website builders and ready-made templates are a way for everybody to create a site even if he or she has absolutely no knowledge of HTML, coding, or design. They are a relatively simple and a relatively cheap solution to get a decent website fast. In a sense, they are a quick solution when a client wants a not so complex but good-looking site and when he or she doesn’t have the money, the time, or both to have a site created especially for him or her.